Gazetteers
Place names change. Gazeteers are reference books for place names. They include longitudinal and latitudinal coordinates on the earth with place names listed next to them.
The Getty Thesaurus of Geographical Names is a good online source for learning place names over a period of time. This is especially helpful when looking for historical maps and atlases.
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Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names® OnlineTGN is a structured vocabulary, including names, descriptions, and other information for places important to art and architecture. Thousands of TGN place names are added and edited every year and it contains more than 1.1 million names.
